The present article provides ready reference structural
information about the world’s tallest structure Burj Khalifa. The main
objective of article is to provide bench mark quantities for structural
information for tall building.
Project Type
|
:
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Mixed Use Project
( Five Star Hotel, Office, Retail and Residential)
|
|
Total Floor area
|
:
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439,935m2
|
|
Site Area
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:
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104,210m2
|
|
Height
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:
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828m ( Concrete
606m Plus Steel 222m)
|
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Gross Floor area
above Grade
|
:
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312,400m2
|
|
Floor Plate Size
at Grade Level
|
:
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3,065m2
|
|
Floor Plate Size
at Upper top
|
:
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380 m2
|
|
Floor Plate Size
at Basement
|
:
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35,300m2
|
|
Structural
Consultant
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:
|
SOM
|
|
Wind Engineering
Consultant
|
:
|
RWDI
Wind Tunnel
Analysis
Rigid Model Force
Balance Tests
Full Multi Degree
of Freedom Aero-elastic Model
|
|
Floor Geometry in
Plan
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:
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Y Shaped (to reduce the wind forces on the tower, as well
as to keep the structure
Simple and foster
constructability)
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|
Structural System
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:
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“Buttressed” Six
Sided Central Core, Each wing, with its own high performance concrete core
and
perimeter
columns, buttresses the others via a six-sided central core, or
hexagonal hub
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|
Foundation
|
:
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Pile Supported
Raft
|
|
Number of piles
under tower
|
:
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194
|
|
Pile Diameter
|
:
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1.5m
|
|
Length of pile
|
:
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43.0m
|
|
Concrete Cube
Strength for Pile
|
:
|
60MPa SCC ( Self
Compacting Concrete)( Triple Blend 25% Fly Ash + 7% Micro silica + Portland
Cement, Water Cement ratio 0.32)
|
|
Pile Load Test
|
:
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6000 t
|
|
Working Design
Capacity
|
:
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3000 t
|
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Raft Thickness
|
:
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3.7m
|
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Reinforcement Spacing
|
:
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300 mm c/c
|
|
Concrete Cube
Strength for Raft
|
:
|
C50 Self
Consolidating Concrete
|
|
Super Structure
|
|||
Number of
Outrigger Levels
|
:
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5
|
|
Concrete cube
strength for Vertical Element (Reinforced Concrete Wall/column)
|
:
|
C80 ( at Base checked at 90 Days instead of 28 Days) –
C60 (at Upper Level)
|
|
Composition of
Concrete for Vertical Elements
|
:
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Portland Cement +
Fly Ash
|
|
Analysis Software
and Model Size
|
:
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ETABS (Version
8.4) , 73,500 Shells and 75,000 Nodes
|
|
Reinforced
Concrete Design Code
|
:
|
ACI 318-02
|
|
Free Vibration
Analysis Result
1st
Mode, Lateral Side sway
2nd
Mode, Lateral Side sway
5th
Mode, Torsion Mode
|
:
:
:
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11.3 sec
10.2 sec
4.3 sec
|
|
Top Steel Portion
( Spire)
|
:
|
Diagonally braced
lateral system
|
|
Steel Design Code
|
:
|
AISC LRFD 1999
|
|
Seismic Zone
|
:
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Zone 2A ( Z =
0.15) as per UBC97
|
|
Modulus of
Elasticity of Concrete (Ec)for Core and Outrigger at Lower Portion
at 90 Day
|
:
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43,800MPa
|
|
Walls and Columns
optimized
|
:
|
Virtual Work
Method
|
|
Effect of Column
Shortening
|
:
|
Perimeter columns
were sized such that the self-weight gravity stress on the perimeter columns
matched the stress on the interior corridor walls.
|
|
Weight of
|
:
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500,000MT
|
|
Quantity
|
|||
Concrete
|
:
|
330,000 m3
|
|
Reinforcement
Steel
|
:
|
39,000MT
|
|
Glass used for
Façade
|
:
|
103,000 m2
|
|
Stainless Steel
used for Cladding
|
:
|
15,500 m2
|
|
Structural Steel
for Top Spire
|
:
|
Approximately
4000MT
|
